Glossary of Printmaking Nomenclature and Abbreviations

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Abbreviation	Meaning
A.f.	Etched by
A.P.	Artist's proof
Appresso	Published by
Apud	Published by
Aquaforti fecit, aquaforti, Aquaf., Aq.	Etched by
Aquatinta, aq:tinta	Aquatinted by
A.V.	Augusta Vindelicorum; that is, published in Augsburg, Germany
Bon á tirer, B.A.T.	Proof print for use by the printer
Caelavit, cael.	Engraved by
Chez	At the house of
Composuit	Drawn by, referring to drawing from which the engraver, lithographer, etc. worked
Cum privilegio	Privilege to publish from some authority
Delineavit, delin., delt., del.	Drawn by (cf. composuit)
Descripsit	Drawn by (cf. composuit)
Designavit, desig.	Drawn by (cf. composuit)
Dessiné	Drawn by (cf. composuit)
Direxit, direx.	Directed by (head of workshop)
Divulgavit, divulg.	Published by
Dressé(e)	Drawn by (cf. composuit)
Écrit	Written by (lettering)
Effigiavit, effig.	Drawn by (cf. composuit)
Engd., Eng.	Engraved by
Épreuve d'Artiste, E.A.	Artist's proof
Ex coll.	From the collection of
Excudit, excud., exct., exc.	Printed by; published by
Ex Officina	From the workshop of
Ex Typis	From the printing house of
Faciebat, fac.	Made by
Fecit, fec., f.	Made by
Figuravit, fig.	Drawn by (usually after an original painting)
Formis	At the press of
Gezeichnet, gez.	Drawn by (cf. composuit)
Gravé	Engraved by
Gravure	Engraving
Hors Commerce, H.C.	Not for sale; outside the regular commercial run
Impressit, imp.	Printed by
Incidit, incidebat, incid., inc.	Engraved by
Inventor, invenit, invt., inv., in.	Designed by (original work)
Lithog., litho., lith.	Lithographed by (either drawn on stone or lithographic publisher)
Maculature	A second impression taken from a matrix without re-inking
On stone by	Drawn on lithographic stone by
Pinxit, pins., pictor, ping.	Painted by (original work)
Scripsit, scrip.	Engraved text
Sculpsit, sculpt., sculp., sc.	Engraved by
Sumptibus	At the expense of
Zusammengetragen	Compiled by

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